The effect of pycnogenol on patients with dysmenorrhea using low-dose oral contraceptives
Hugo Maia Jr, Clarice Haddad, Julio Casoy Centro de Pesquisa e Assistência em Reprodução Humana (CEPARH), Salvador, Bahia, BrazilObjective: Menstrual symptoms such as dysmenorrhea usually occur during the hormone-free interval in oral contraceptive users.Progestin withdrawal activates NF-κB transcription factor, which upre